This ultrasonic sensor provides 2cm – 400cm non-contact measurement function, the ranging accuracy can reach to 3mm. The modules includes ultrasonic transmitters, receiver and control circuit. The basic principle of work:
(1) Using IO trigger for at least 10us high level signal,
(2) The Module automatically sends eight 40 kHz and detect whether there is a pulse signal back.
(3) IF the signal back, through high level , time of high output IO duration is the time from sending ultrasonic to returning.
Test distance = (high level time×velocity of sound (340M/S) / 2,
2. Pinout, pulse, & wiring
Pin (1) 5V Supply
Pin (2) Trigger Pulse Input
Note : The trigger signal for starting the transmission is given to this pin. The trigger signal must be a pulse with 10uS high time. When the module receives a valid trigger signal it issues 8 pulses of 40KHz ultrasonic sound from the transmitter. The echo of this sound is picked by the receiver.
Pin (3) Echo Pulse Output
Note : At this pin, the module outputs a waveform with high time proportional to the distance.
Pin (4) 0V Ground
From the timing diagram, you can see that the 40KHz pulse train is transmitted just after the 10uS triggering pulse and the echo output is obtained after some more time. The next triggering pulse can be given only after the echo is faded away and this time period is called cycle period. The cycle period for HC-SR04 must not be below 50mS. According to datasheet, the distance can be calculated from the echo pulse width using the following equations.
Distance in cm = echo pulse width in uS/58
3. Specification
*Working Voltage: DC 5 V
*Working Current: 15mA
*Working Frequency: 40kHz
*Max Range: 400cm
*Min Range: 2cm
*Measuring Angle: 15 degree
*Trigger Input Signal: 10uS TTL pulse
*Echo Output Signal: Input TTL lever signal and the range in proportion
*Sensor dimension: 45*20*15mm
KlinikRobot pernah melakukan testing menggunakan signal analyzer untuk mengukur jarak antara transmitter dengan receiver ultrasonik, dapat menggunakan Logic Analyzer.
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